How do weather conditions impact artillery operations?

Weather conditions significantly impact artillery operations by influencing various factors such as trajectory, range, and accuracy of fire. Artillery systems operate under complex calculations that take into account environmental factors. For example, wind speed and direction can alter the projectile's path, particularly over longer distances. Rain or snow can affect the performance of artillery pieces and how they interact with the terrain.

Temperature and humidity also play a crucial role; they can change the air density, which in turn affects how a projectile travels through the air. Higher humidity can reduce range due to increased drag, while higher temperatures can have the opposite effect. All of these elements must be carefully evaluated to ensure effective targeting and to maintain the desired impact on distant targets.

In contrast, other options misrepresent the comprehensive nature of weather's impact, suggesting limited effects or dismissing its significance altogether, which does not align with the complexities of artillery operations in various weather scenarios.