What type of data does the advanced party gather?

The correct choice of azimuth is fundamental for an advanced party because it refers to the horizontal angle in the sphere of navigation. When deployed in artillery operations, especially with howitzers like the M119A3, determining the azimuth is crucial for establishing the direction of fire. This data helps in accurately targeting and aligning the artillery piece toward the designated point of impact, ensuring effective fire support.

While elevation, wind direction, and temperature are important factors for artillery operations, they are typically addressed after the azimuth has been established. Elevation relates to the vertical angle and impacts range, while wind direction and temperature factors influence projectile flight but are calculated or adjusted later during the firing procedure. Understanding azimuth first sets the foundational orientation for all subsequent calculations and adjustments, making it a priority for the advanced party.